Could lack of clarity in written advance directives contribute to their ineffectiveness? A study of the content of written advance directives

References 

1. Ditto JH, Smucker WD, Bookwala J, Coppola KM, Dresser R, Fagerlin A, et al. Advance directives as acts of communication: A randomized controlled trial. Archives of Internal Medicine. 2001;161:421–430 487-488
   • MEDLINE
   • CrossRef
2. Ellershaw JE, Sutcliffe JM, Saunders CM. Dehydration and the dying patient. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management. 1995;10:192–197
   • Abstract
   • Full-Text PDF (468 KB)
   • CrossRef
3. Fainsinger RL, Bruera E. When to treat dehydration in a terminally ill patient?. Support Care Cancer. 1997;5:205–211
   • MEDLINE
   • CrossRef
4. Gilligan MA, Jensen N. Use of advance directives: A survey in three clinics. Wisconsin Medical Journal. 1995;94:239–243
   • MEDLINE
5. Hanson LC, Rodgman E. The use of living wills at the end of life. A national study. Archives of Internal Medicine. 1996;13:1018–1022
6. Hinshaw AS. Nursing knowledge for the 21^st century: Opportunities and challenges. Journal of Nursing Scholarship. 2000;32:117–123
7. Holley JL, Hines SC, Glover JJ, Babrow AS, Badzek LA, Moss AH. Failure of advance care planning to elicit patients' preferences for withdrawal from dialysis. American Journal of Kidney Disease. 1999;33:688–693
8. Johnson RF, Baranowski-Birkmeier T, O'Donnell JB. Advance directives in the medical intensive care unit of a community teaching hospital. Chest. 1995;107:752–756
   • MEDLINE
   • CrossRef
9. Nolan MT, Bruder M. Patients' attitudes towards advance directives and end of life treatment decisions. Nursing Outlook. 1997;45:204–208
   • Abstract
   • Full-Text PDF (600 KB)
   • CrossRef
10. Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act . Pub. L. No. 101-508, Paragraph 4206, 4751 1990;
11. Ott BB. Advance directives: the emerging body of research. American Journal of Critical Care. 1999;8:514–519
12. Prendergast TJ. Advance care planning: pitfalls, progress, promise. Critical Care Medicine. 2001;29:N34–N39
    • MEDLINE
    • CrossRef
13. Steiner N, Bruera E. Methods of hydration in palliative care patients. Journal of Palliative Care. 1998;14:6–13
    • MEDLINE
14. Support Principal Investigators . A controlled trial to improve care for seriously ill hospitalized patients. Journal of the American Medical Association. 1995;274:1591–1598
15. Teno JM, Licks S, Lynn J, Wenger N, Connors AF, Phillips RS, et al. Do advance directives provide instructions that direct care? SUPPORT investigators study to understand prognoses and preferences for outcomes and risks of treatment. Journal of American Geriatrics Society. 1997;45:508–512
16. Teno JM, Stevens M, Spernak S, Lynn J. Role of written advance directives in decision making: insights from qualitative and quantitative data. Journal of General Internal Medicine. 1998;13:439–446
    • MEDLINE
    • CrossRef
17. Winter SM. Terminal nutrition: framing the debate for the withdrawal of nutritional support in terminally ill patients. American Journal of Medicine. 2000;109:740–741