Applied Nursing Research
Volume 17, Issue 1 , Pages 2-9, February 2004

Connecting with others in the midst of stressful upheaval on September 11, 2001☆

  • Patricia Liehr, PhD RN (Professor)

      Affiliations

    • University of Texas, Health Science Center at Houston, School of Nursing, Houston, TX, USA
    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress reprint requests to Patricia Liehr, PhD, RN, University of Texas, Health Science Center at Houston, School of Nursing, 1100 Holcombe Blvd. 5.518H, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
    • ,
  • Matthias R Mehl, Dipl. Psych. (Graduate Student)

      Affiliations

    • Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
    • ,
  • Linda C Summers, MSN RN CNS FNP (Doctoral Candidate)

      Affiliations

    • University of Texas, Health Science Center at Houston, School of Nursing, Houston, TX, USA
    • ,
  • James W Pennebaker, PhD (Professor)

      Affiliations

    • Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA

Abstract 

This study was originally planned from September tenth through twelfth to assess concurrent use of three real-time data sources during a usual day. When the World Trade Center towers collapsed, the plan expanded to describe 24-hour blood pressure and heart rate, natural environment word use, television viewing/radio listening, and self-reported diary feelings for six undergraduate students in the midst of stressful upheaval. Heart rate, “we” word-use and television viewing/radio listening increased over time. Higher negative and lower positive feelings/emotions occurred during morning hours on September 11. Students connected with others and shared good thoughts. Measurement with real-time data sources was informative.

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☆ Supported in part by a grant from the National Institutes of Health (MH52391).

PII: S0897-1897(03)00109-5

doi:10.1016/j.apnr.2003.10.010

Applied Nursing Research
Volume 17, Issue 1 , Pages 2-9, February 2004

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