Applied Nursing Research
Volume 22, Issue 2 , Pages 119-125 , May 2009

Effects of cranial electrical stimulation on sleep disturbances, depressive symptoms, and caregiving appraisal in spousal caregivers of persons with Alzheimer's disease

  • Karen M. Rose, PhD

      Affiliations

    • School of Nursing, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908-0782, USA
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Tel.: +1 434 924 5627; fax: +1 434 982 1809.
    • ,
  • Ann Gill Taylor, MS, EdD

      Affiliations

    • School of Nursing, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908-0782, USA
    • Center for the Study of Complementary and Alternative Therapies, The Blake Center, Charlottesville, VA 22908-0905, USA
    • ,
  • Cheryl Bourguignon, PhD

      Affiliations

    • School of Nursing, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908-0782, USA
    • Center for the Study of Complementary and Alternative Therapies, The Blake Center, Charlottesville, VA 22908-0905, USA

Received 26 February 2007 ,Revised 7 June 2007 ,Accepted 7 June 2007.

References 

  1. Buysse DJ, Reynolds CF, Monk TH, Berman SR, Kupfer DJ. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: A new instrument for psychiatric practice and research. Psychiatry Research. 1989;28(2):193–213
  2. Cole J, Motivala S, Buysse D, Oxman M, Levin M, Irwin M. Validation of a 3-factor scoring model for the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Sleep. 2006;29(1):112–116
  3. DiBartolo MK, Soeken KL. Appraisal, coping, hardiness, and self-perceived health in community-dwelling spouse caregivers of persons with dementia. Research in Nursing & Health. 2003;26(6):445–458
  4. Granger B, Swedberg K, Ekman I, Granger C, Olofsson B, McMurray J, et al. Adherence to candesartan and placebo and outcomes in chronic heart failure in the CHARM programme: Double-blind, randomized, controlled clinical trial. The Lancet. 2005;366:2005–2011
  5. Irwin M. Psychoneuroimmunology of depression: Clinical implications. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity. 2002;16:1–16
  6. Kaptchuk TJ, Goldman P, Stone DA, Stason WB. Do medical devices have enhanced placebo effects. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology. 2000;53(8):786–792
  7. Kirsch D. The science behind cranial electrotherapy stimulation. Edmonton: Medical Scope Publishing; 2002;
  8. Lawton MP, Kleban MH, Moss M, Rovine M, Glicksman A. Measuring caregiving appraisal. Journal of Gerontology. 1989;44(3):61–71
  9. Lee KA, Portillo CJ, Miramontes H. The fatigue experience for women with human immunodeficiency virus. Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, and Neonatal Nursing: JOGNN/NAACOG. 1998;28(2):193–200
  10. Lichtbroun A, Raicer M, Smith R. The treatment of fibromyalgia with cranial electrotherapy stimulation. Journal of Clinical Rheumatology. 2001;7(2):72–78
  11. McCurry SM, Logsdon RG, Vitiello MV, Teri L. Successful behavioral treatment for reported sleep problems in elderly caregivers of dementia patients: A controlled study. The Journals of Gerontology. Series B, Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences. 1998;53(2):122–129
  12. McEwen B. Sex, stress and the hippocampus: Allostasis, allostatic load and the aging process. Neurobiology of Aging. 2002;23:921–939
  13. Ory M, Yee J, Tennstedt S, Schulz R. The extent and impact of dementia care: Unique challenges experienced by family caregivers. In:  Schulz R editors. Handbook on dementia caregiving. New York: Springer; 2000;p. 1–32
  14. Shealy CN, Cady RK, Wilkie RG, et al. Cerebral spinal fluid and plasma neurochemicals: Response to cranial electrotherapy stimulation. J. Neurol Ortho Med Surg. 1998;18:94–97
  15. Schulz R, Beach SR. Caregiving as a risk factor for mortality: The caregiver health effects study. JAMA : The Journal of the American Medical Association. 1999;282(23):2215–2219
  16. Tyers S, Smith R. A comparison of cranial electrotherapy stimulation alone or with chiropractic therapies in the treatment of fibromyalgia. The American Chiropractor. 2001;23(2):39–41
  17. Tyers S, Smith R. Treatment of fibromyalgia with cranial electrotherapy stimulation. Original Internist. 2001;8(3):15–17
  18. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services . The characteristics of long-term care users. Rockville: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; 2001;
  19. Vitiello MV, Larsen LH, Moe KE. Age-related sleep change: Gender and estrogen effects on the subjective–objective sleep quality relationships of healthy, noncomplaining older men and women. Journal of Psychosomatic Research. 2004;56(5):503–510
  20. Yesavage JA, Brink TL, Rose TL, Lum O, Huang V, Adey M, et al. Development and validation of a geriatric depression screening scale: A preliminary report. Journal of Psychiatric Research. 1983;17(1):37–49

☆ The contents of this work are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine, National Institutes of Health.

PII: S0897-1897(07)00091-2

doi: 10.1016/j.apnr.2007.06.001

Applied Nursing Research
Volume 22, Issue 2 , Pages 119-125 , May 2009

Article Tools