Applied Nursing Research
Volume 22, Issue 4 , Pages 228-235 , November 2009

An exploratory study of cardiac health in college athletes

Received 10 September 2007 ,Revised 19 February 2008 ,Accepted 22 February 2008.

References 

  1. American College Health Association . American College Health Association: National College Health Assessment (ACHA-NCHA) web summary. Retrieved June 6, 2007 from http://www.acha-ncha.org/data_highlights.html2006;
  2. American Heart Association (n.d.). Risk factors and coronary heart disease: AHA scientific position. Retrieved June 6, 2007 from http://www.americanheart.org/presenter.jhtml?identifier=500.
  3. Anding JD, Kubena KS, McIntosh A, O'Brien B. Blood lipids, cardiovascular fitness, obesity and blood pressure: The presence of potential coronary heart disease risk factors in adolescents. Journal of the American Dietetic Association. 1996;96(3):238–242
  4. Bacon VL, Russell PJ. Addiction and the college athlete: The multiple addictive behaviors questionnaire (MABQ) with college athletes. Sport Journal. 2004;7(2):5pp
  5. Blair SN, Church TS. The fitness, obesity and health equation: Is physical activity the common denominator?. Journal of the American Medical Association. 2004;292(10):1232–1234
  6. Brevard PB, Ricketts CD. Residence of college students affects dietary intake, physical activity, and serum lipid levels. Journal of the American Dietetic Association. 1996;96:35–38
  7. Butler SM, Black DR, Blue CL, Gretebeck RJ. Change in diet, physical activity, and body weight in female college freshman. American Journal of Health Behavior. 2004;28:24–32
  8. Carnethon MR, Gidding SS, Nehgme R, Sidney S, Jacobs DR, Liu K. Cardiorespiratory fitness in young adulthood and the development of cardiovascular disease risk factors. Journal of the American Medical Association. 2003;290:3092–3100
  9. Department of Health and Human Services . The Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA) (DHHS No. 0938-0086). Washington, DC: Health Care Financing Administration; 1988;
  10. Diaz VA, Player MS, Mainous AG, Carek PJ, Geesey ME. Competing impact of excess weight versus cardiorespiratory fitness on cardiovascular risk. American Journal of Cardiology. 2006;98:1468–1471
  11. Eisenmann JC, Wickel EE, Welk GJ, Blair SN. Relationship between adolescent fitness and fatness and cardiovascular disease risk factors in adulthood: The Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study. American Heart Journal. 2005;149:46–53
  12. Gulati M, Pandey DK, Arnsdorf MF, Lauderdale DS, Thisted RA, Wicklund RH, et al. Exercise capacity and risk of death in women. Circulation. 2003;108:1554–1559
  13. Hlaing W, Nath SD, Huffman FG. Assessing overweight and cardiovascular risks among college students. American Journal of Health Education. 2007;38(2):83–89
  14. Howard-Hamilton MF, Sina JA. How college affects student athletes. New Directions for Student Services. 2001;93:35–45
  15. Hudd SS, Dumlao J, Erdmann-Sager D, Murray D, Phan E, Soukas N, et al. Stress at college: Effects on health habits, health status and self-esteem. College Student Journal. 2000;34(2):217–227
  16. Kato MM, Currier MB, Villaverde O, Gonzalez-Blanco M. The relation between body fat distribution and cardiovascular risk factors in patients with schizophrenia: A cross-sectional pilot study. Primary Care Companion Journal of Clinical Psychiatry. 2005;7(3):115–118
  17. Kilpatrick M, Herbert E, Bartholomew J. College students' motivation for physical activity: Differentiating men's and women's motives for sport participation and exercise. Journal of American College Health. 2005;54(2):87–94
  18. Lee S, Kuk JL, Katzmarzyk PT, Blair SN, Church TS, Ross R. Cardiorespiratory fitness attenuates metabolic risk of abdominal subcutaneous and visceral fat in men. Diabetes Care. 2005;28:895–901
  19. Maron BJ, Thompson PD, Ackerman MJ, Balady G, Berger S, Cohen D, et al. Recommendations and considerations related to preparticipation screening for cardiovascular abnormalities in competitive athletes: 2007 update: A scientific statement from the American Heart Association Council on Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Metabolism. Circulation. 2007;115(12):1643–1655
  20. McArdle WD, Katch FI, Katch LV. Exercise physiology, energy, nutrition, and human performance. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger; 1996;
  21. Meyers CR. A study of the reliability of the Harvard step test. Research Quarterly. 1969;40(2):423
  22. Mosca L, Banka CL, Benjamin EJ, Berra K, Bushnell C, Dolor RJ, et al. Evidence based guidelines for cardiovascular disease prevention in women: 2007 update. Circulation. 2007;115(11):1481–1501
  23. Mosca L, Edelman D, Mochari H, Christian AH, Paultre F, Pollin I. Waist circumference predicts cardiometabolic and global Framingham risk among women screened during National Woman's Heart Day. Journal of Women's Health. 2006;15:24–34
  24. National Cholesterol Education Program . Third report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III) executive summary. National Institutes of Health (NIH Publication No. 01-3670). Washington, DC: Government Printing Office; 2001;
  25. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute . Clinical guidelines on identification, evaluation, and treatment of overweight and obesity in adults: Executive summary. Bethesda, MD: National Institutes of Health; 1998;
  26. National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute . The seventh report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (NIH Publication No. 04-5230). Washington, DC: Government Printing Office; 2004;
  27. National Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute . Clinical guidelines on the identification, evaluation, and treatment of overweight and obesity in adults: The evidence report. Rockville, MD: Author; 1998;
  28. National Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute . High blood cholesterol what you need to know. National Cholesterol Education Program (NIH Publication No. 05-3290). Rockville, MD: Author; 2005;
  29. Nattiv A, Puffer JC. Lifestyles and health risks of collegiate athletes. Journal of Family Practice. 1991;33:585–590
  30. Ode JJ, Pivarnik JM, Reeves MJ, Knous JL. Body mass index as a predictor of percent fat in college athletes and nonathletes. Medicine Science Sports Exercise. 2007;39:403–409
  31. Sparling PB, Snow TK, Beavers BD. Serum cholesterol levels in college students: Opportunities for education and intervention. Journal of American College Health. 1999;48:123–127
  32. Spencer L. Results of a heart disease risk-factor screening among traditional college students. Journal of American College Health. 2002;50(6):291–296
  33. Wechsler H, Davenport AE. Binge drinking, tobacco, and illicit drug use and involvement in college athletes. Journal of American College Health. 1997;45(5):195
  34. Wingfield K, Matheson GO, Meeuwisse WH. Preparticipation evaluation: An evidence-based review. Clin J Sport Med. 2004;14(3):109–122

PII: S0897-1897(08)00015-3

doi: 10.1016/j.apnr.2008.02.008

Applied Nursing Research
Volume 22, Issue 4 , Pages 228-235 , November 2009